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Meta-analysis is the statistical combination of the results of multiple studies addressing a similar research question. An important part of this method involves computing a combined effect size across all of the studies. As such, this statistical approach involves extracting effect sizes and variance measures from various studies.[1] Meta-analyses are integral in supporting research grant proposals, shaping treatment guidelines, and influencing health policies. They are also pivotal in summarizing existing research to guide future studies, thereby cementing their role as a fundamental methodology in metascience.
Meta-analyses are often, but not always, important components of a systematic review procedure, see for instance PRISMA.[2] A meta-analysis can be conducted on several fields to assess the impact of an intervention when there are multiple studies reporting data suitable to measure a combined effect size.
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